yolkerts



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. O. VOLKERTS. I

LOOK

' (Model.)

No. 408.447. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

WITNESSESr @@Za' ATTORNEYS.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(ModeL) 0. VOLKERTS.

LOOK.

No. 408.447. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

WITNESSES: 6%

' %@i ag% ATTORNEYS.

UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLUF VOLKERTS, OF SAC CITY, IOIVA.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,447, dated August6, 1889.

Application filed February 2, 1888. Serial No. 262,739. (ModeL) To aidwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLUF VOLKERTS, of Sac City, in the county of Sac andState of Iowa, have invented a new and Improved Look, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description. 7

The object of this invention is to provide a lock wherein allcorresponding parts as originally made may be used interchangeably inall looks of the same size, provision being made for the setting of thelock to any desired combination, which combinations are innumerable, aswill be hereinafter explained.

Reference is to be hadto the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a view of the lock with the faceplate removed. Figf2 'is aview of the outer face of the lock. Fig. 3 is a view of the escutcheonemployed in connection with the lock. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional viewtaken on line 0c of .Fig. 1, the lock, however, being represented as itappears when applied to a door. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional viewtaken on line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detail perspcctive view of oneof the tumblers, with its adjustable plug and operating-stein, the partsbeing represented as they appear separated. Fig. 7 is a face view of thetumbler-case and the parts contained therein. Fig.8 is a view of one ofthe keepers. Fig. 9 is aperspective view of the key-setting device. Fig.10 is a side view of the key. Fig. 11 is a detail view of one of thetubes of the key-setting device, the adjustable plug being representedas in position within the tube. Fig. 12 is a view of the operating endof the key; and Fig. 13 is a detail view of one of the key-plugs and itshousing, the housing being shown in section.

In the drawings, 10 represents a lock-case, in which there is mounteda-bolt 11, the inner end of the bolt-shank being recessed to of atumbler-cage 17. This tumbler-cage 17 is placed between a keeper 18,that is provided with recesses to receive the ends of the tumblers andformed with a projection 19, which passes out through the back of thelock-case, and a keeper 20, having recesses to receive the other ends ofthe tumblers, and which is held Within a housing 21, that is carried bythe facing-plate 22 of the lock casing 10, the lock-case and thefacing-plate being apertured to receive the shanks ofretaining-screws23, which engage with the body of the door or otherarticle 100 in connection with which the lock is to be employed.

The tumblers 24 are internally threaded to receive threaded recessedplugs 25, that are formed with projections 26, arranged so that they maybe engaged by a key-socket, and in the sides of the tumblers there areopenings 27, that are entered by gibs 28, formed upon stems 30, whichgibs also enter the recesses of the plugs 25. The tumblers are mountedwithin recesses formed about the axis of the tumbler-case just outsideof a center block 31, said center block being apertured to receive thestems 30 and centrally apertured to receive the central guiding-pin 32,one end of which is stepped in a recess formed in the head of theprojection 19.

In connection with each of the stems 30,1 arrange a spiral spring 33,which springs are mounted in housings 34, that are formed in the outerportion of the center block, the springs abutting against the stems andagainst a collar 35, that is held to the pin 32 by a collar 36, and inorder to prevent any undue compression of the springs I arrange a sleeve37 as shown clearly in Figs. 4 and 5, which sleeve acts as a stop tolimit the inward throw of the stems 30, said stems being provided withprojections 2, which strike against the sleeve, and thus prevent unduecompression, the projections, however, not extending beyond the line ofthe peripheral face of the sleeve.

The stems 30 and the center block 31 extend out through a centralaperture formed in the housing 21, the stems, however, extending beyondthe center block, so that when the lock is placed in posit-ion they willclosely approach the inner face of the escutcheon 40. This escutcheon 10is provided with an inwardly-extendin g flange 41, which is threaded toengage with a sleeve 42, said sleeve abutting against the housing 21.The flange 41 is formed with laterally-extending flanges 43, which serveas guides for a flanged and apertured block 4-1, through which the endsof the stems 30 pass, this block being formed with a central aperture 3,from one side of which there extends a recess 4, that is arranged toreceive the bit 5 of the key 45 In applying the lock the thickness ofthe part 100 is taken and the sleeve 42 is cut toa proper length, sothat when connected with the escutcheon it will abut closely against thehousing 21. The tumblers 2-1 are then adjusted to various positions, thesprings 33 at this time being thrown out of action by withdrawing thecolter 36,and, the tumblers having been adjusted as desired, the partsare connected to the ends of the stems 30, which are then cut cit sothat they will be just in line with the inner face of the escutcheon,and the key 45, which contains as many pins 46 as there are stems 30, isadjusted by turning its pins so that they will act, when brought to bearagainst the stems 30, to force the tumblers 24 within the case 17, thisadjustment of the key being brought about by turning the pins 46 withintheir housing 47 until each pin has been brought to a position tooperate properly in connection with its particular stem, the relativeposition of the key-pins being determined by means of the bit 5. Afterthe key has been adjusted a key-keeper such as the one shown in Fig. 9issetthat is, its plugs 49 are moved to a position so that when the pinsof the key are inserted they will all bear closely against said plugsthesleeves surrounding the key-pins at this time abutting squarely againstthe outer plate 50 of the key-setter. To prevent any accidental turningof the key-pins, I provide a cap 51, which is put over those ends ofsaid pins which are arranged so that they may be engaged by thesetting-key.

To operate the lock, the key is inserted through the escutcheon-apertureand the stems 30 are pressed in, which movement of the stems will carrythe tumblers within their case. Then by imparting a rotary movement tothe key a corresponding movement will be imparted to the tumbler-case,and the teeth 10 carried by said case, engaging with the teeth 15 of thebolt 11,will carry said boltinward or outward, as the case may be.

It will be noticed that an exact adjustment of the keyis necessary inorder to properlyoperate the lock, for if any one of the key-pins be toolong the tumblers will be pressed within the keeper 18, and thus preventthe turning of the case 17.

I11 certain cases it may be desirable that the door or other part shouldbe secured from the inside, and to this end I provideasecond bolt 60,which is normally held depressed by a spring-pressed plate 61, which isheld against one face of the bolt, the bolt being provided with a knob62, which extends through a wide aperture 64L, formed in the lock-case,the aperture, however, being covered by a plate 65, that is carried bytheknob. In operation the knob is grasped and moved so as to throw thebolt in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 1, whereby a lug on itsunder side is disengaged from the spring 68. Then by forcing the boltforward it will slide into its keeper, thus securing the door or otherpart; but if, after being locked from the inside, the door should belocked from the outside the turning of the tumbler-case 17 would bringalong tooth 66 into engagement with one of the teeth 67 of the bolt 60,and such bolt 60 would be moved inward, so that when the bolt 11 wasagain thrown to open the door or other part the bolt 60 would not opposesuch opening.

Havingthus'fully described my'inventiomI claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- 1. In a lock, the combination, with a boltprovided with a rack, of a tumbler-ease provided with teeth which engagesaid rack, tumblers mounted within the case, adjustable plugs mountedwithin the tumblers, stems which engage said plugs, sprin gs arranged inconnection with the stems, and keepers, substantially as described.

2. In a lock, the combination, with a bolt provided with a rack, of atumbler-case provided with teeth which engage said rack, tumblersmounted within said case, threaded plugs mounted within the tumblers,stems which engage said plugs, springs arranged in connection with thestems, and keepers mounted at each side of the tumbler-case,substantially as described.

3. In a lock, the combination, with a bolt provided with a rack, of atumbler-case provided with teeth arranged to engage said rack, tumblersad justably mounted within said case, stems arranged in connection withthe tumblers, springs arranged in connection with the stems, anescutcheon, and asleeve mounted within said escutcheon and provided withapertures adapted to receive the stem, substantially as described.

at. In a lock, the combination, with a bolt provided with a rack, of atumbler-ease provided with teeth which engage said rack, tumblersmounted within the ease, stems connected to the tumblers, springsarranged in connection with the stems, asleeve surrounding the springs,limit projections carried by the stems and arranged to strike againstthe edge of the sleeve, an escutcheon, and a sleeve mounted within theescutcheon and arranged to receive the extending ends of the stems,substantially as described.

OLUF VOLKERTS.

\Vitncsses:

J. W. NUTTER, THos. BATIE.

IIO

